{"id":14314,"date":"2024-03-19T12:50:12","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T11:50:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nexvision.dev\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/partie-2-construction-traitement-et-analyse-dune-image-numerique\/"},"modified":"2024-08-27T17:01:32","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T15:01:32","slug":"partie-2-construction-traitement-et-analyse-dune-image-numerique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/partie-2-construction-traitement-et-analyse-dune-image-numerique\/","title":{"rendered":"Partie 2 : Construction, traitement et analyse d&rsquo;une image num\u00e9rique"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14314\" class=\"elementor elementor-14314 elementor-12217\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b68c95 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"7b68c95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f88695c\" data-id=\"f88695c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-279faa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"279faa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Partie 2 : <br>Construction, traitement et analyse d'une image num\u00e9rique<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d7dc8c elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3d7dc8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tComprendre le fonctionnement et le potentiel des syst\u00e8mes optroniques\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74007dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74007dc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dea90db\" data-id=\"dea90db\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-030f266 eael_advanced_menu_hamburger_disable_selected_menu_no eael-advanced-menu-hamburger-align-right eael-advanced-menu--no eael-hamburger--tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-advanced-menu\" data-id=\"030f266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:68,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\" data-widget_type=\"eael-advanced-menu.skin-two\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n                        @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {\n                            .eael-hamburger--tablet {\n                                .eael-advanced-menu-horizontal,\n                                .eael-advanced-menu-vertical {\n                                    display: none;\n                                }\n                            }\n                            .eael-hamburger--tablet {\n                                .eael-advanced-menu-container .eael-advanced-menu-toggle {\n                                    display: block;\n                                }\n                            }\n                        }\n                    <\/style>            <div data-hamburger-icon=\"&lt;i aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;fas fa-bars&quot;&gt;&lt;\/i&gt;\" data-indicator-class=\"&lt;i aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;fas fa-angle-down&quot;&gt;&lt;\/i&gt;\" data-dropdown-indicator-class=\"&lt;i aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;fas fa-angle-down&quot;&gt;&lt;\/i&gt;\" class=\"eael-advanced-menu-container eael-advanced-menu-align-left eael-advanced-menu-dropdown-align-left\" data-hamburger-breakpoints=\"{&quot;mobile&quot;:&quot;Portrait mobile (&gt; 767px)&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;:&quot;Tablette en mode portrait (&gt; 1024px)&quot;,&quot;desktop&quot;:&quot;Desktop (&gt; 2400px)&quot;,&quot;none&quot;:&quot;None&quot;}\" data-hamburger-device=\"tablet\">\n                <ul id=\"menu-white-paper-french\" class=\"eael-advanced-menu eael-advanced-menu-dropdown-animate-zoom-in eael-advanced-menu-indicator eael-advanced-menu-vertical\"><li id=\"menu-item-15005\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15005\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/\">Comprendre le fonctionnement et le potentiel des syst\u00e8mes optroniques<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15006\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15006\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/partie-1-vision-couleur-et-spectre-electromagnetique\/\">Partie 1 : Vision, couleur et spectre \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15007\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15007\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/partie-2-construction-traitement-et-analyse-dune-image-numerique\/\">Partie 2 : Construction, traitement et analyse d&rsquo;une image num\u00e9rique<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15008\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15008\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/part-3-conception\/\">Part 3 :\u00a0 Conception<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15009\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15009\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/part-4-votre-projet\/\">Part 4 :\u00a0 Votre projet<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>                <button class=\"eael-advanced-menu-toggle\" aria-label=\"Essential Addons Toggle Menu\">\n                    <i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bars\"><\/i>                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n            \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76ad037\" data-id=\"76ad037\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8665041 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8665041\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Capteur d'images<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5a5b29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b5a5b29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ce3b07\" data-id=\"7ce3b07\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7afebe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7afebe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un capteur d&rsquo;images ?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00c0 quoi sert-il ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Un capteur d&rsquo;image est un composant \u00e9lectronique qui a pour but de capturer et de num\u00e9riser des images.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce4ee28\" data-id=\"ce4ee28\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-966a70a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"966a70a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ImageSensor.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12492\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ImageSensor.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ImageSensor-300x257.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5435fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f5435fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Comment fonctionne-t-il ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pour comprendre le fonctionnement d&rsquo;un capteur d&rsquo;images, il faut d&rsquo;abord comprendre deux choses :<\/p>\n<p>1. La lumi\u00e8re est compos\u00e9e de photons, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire de petites particules d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie cr\u00e9\u00e9es par une source lumineuse (soleil, ampoule, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>2. Il est possible de \u00ab\u00a0convertir\u00a0\u00bb les photons en \u00e9lectrons, c&rsquo;est ce qu&rsquo;on appelle l&rsquo;effet photo\u00e9lectrique. En physique, l&rsquo;effet photo\u00e9lectrique (EPE) d\u00e9signe l&rsquo;\u00e9mission d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons par une mati\u00e8re, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement m\u00e9tallique, lorsqu&rsquo;elle est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re ou \u00e0 un rayonnement \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique de fr\u00e9quence suffisamment \u00e9lev\u00e9e, selon la mati\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, un capteur d&rsquo;images transforme l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie lumineuse en \u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique. Il est compos\u00e9 de cellules photosensibles, appel\u00e9es photodiodes.<\/p>\n<p>Si un photon contenant suffisamment d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie \u00ab\u00a0frappe\u00a0\u00bb la photocathode, il va lib\u00e9rer un \u00e9lectron qui va g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un signal \u00e9lectrique analogique. Le convertisseur analogique\/num\u00e9rique permettra ensuite de num\u00e9riser cette information.<\/p>\n<p>Ces photocathodes sont dispos\u00e9es sur la surface du capteur de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 former une matrice de pixels. Cette matrice nous donne la d\u00e9finition du capteur (par exemple un capteur HD comprend 1920 pixels de large x 1080 pixels de haut).<\/p>\n<p>En outre, le capteur est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d&rsquo;un filtre (souvent infrarouge), de microlentilles (qui permettent de canaliser la lumi\u00e8re vers les photosites) et d&rsquo;un filtre de Bayer (qui lui permet de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer la couleur au niveau du pixel).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12493\" src=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/SensorLayers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"472\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/SensorLayers.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/SensorLayers-300x236.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6570ae0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6570ae0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Quelles sont les caract\u00e9ristiques d&rsquo;un capteur d&rsquo;images ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&gt; Bande de fr\u00e9quence : UV \/ Visible \/ Nuit \/ VNIR \/ NIR \/ SWIR \/ MWIR \/ THERMIQUE LWIR \/ THz<br \/>\n&gt; Technologie de fabrication : CCD \/ CMOS \/ EBCMOS<br \/>\n&gt; Dimensions physiques : longueur x largeur<br \/>\n&gt; R\u00e9solution : taille de l&rsquo;image en pixels (largeur x hauteur) et taille des pixels<br \/>\n&gt; Sensibilit\u00e9 : capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 capturer des images de haute qualit\u00e9 en fonction de la luminosit\u00e9<br \/>\n&gt; fps * : frame \/ second = nombre d&rsquo;images par seconde que le capteur est capable de capturer<br \/>\n&gt; Type : Rolling Shutter \/ Global shutter, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;exposer les cellules photosensibles [rolling shutter : affichage des lignes une par une &gt; espaces entre les lignes \/ \u00e9conomise la sortie du transistor et la capacit\u00e9 pour chaque pixel, donc beaucoup moins cher (plus facile \u00e0 fabriquer) \/ global shutter : tout s&rsquo;affiche au moment o\u00f9 il est lu].<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40acd65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40acd65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>*fps (frames \/ second) : k\u00e9zako ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Une vid\u00e9o est en fait une succession d&rsquo;images fixes. En les mettant bout \u00e0 bout, on finit par voir une sc\u00e8ne en mouvement.<\/p>\n<p>Il faut environ 25 images par seconde pour que l&rsquo;homme voie une vid\u00e9o de mani\u00e8re assez fluide. En de\u00e7\u00e0, la vid\u00e9o est per\u00e7ue comme saccad\u00e9e. Aller au-del\u00e0 de 25 images par seconde peut s&rsquo;av\u00e9rer tr\u00e8s utile pour les ralentis. Vous vous souvenez de ces publicit\u00e9s o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on voit une goutte d&rsquo;eau qui tombe doucement, puis une multitude de mini gouttes qui s&rsquo;amusent ? Cela est possible gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la capture de nombreuses images dans un laps de temps tr\u00e8s court.<\/p>\n<p>En d&rsquo;autres termes, si vous devez capturer une sc\u00e8ne dans laquelle les objets se d\u00e9placent tr\u00e8s rapidement (ex : Formule 1) et que vous voulez voir, par exemple, exactement quelles sont les deux voitures qui franchissent la ligne d&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e en premier (au cas o\u00f9 elles passeraient la ligne en m\u00eame temps), un capteur d&rsquo;image capable de capturer un tr\u00e8s grand nombre d&rsquo;images par seconde (par exemple, 60 \u00e0 100 images par seconde) devra \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 afin de pouvoir faire d\u00e9filer les images image par image pour obtenir un r\u00e9sultat pr\u00e9cis.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a0d3dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a0d3dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une fois la lumi\u00e8re transform\u00e9e en \u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique, il est n\u00e9cessaire de pouvoir :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reconstituer des images (pr\u00e9traitement et traitement d&rsquo;image)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ensuite, pouvoir soit :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>les stocker (enregistrer la vid\u00e9o)<\/li>\n<li>les analyser (extraire de l&rsquo;information des images, celle-ci \u00e9tant issue de la sc\u00e8ne observ\u00e9e)<\/li>\n<li>Les transmettre (par exemple \u00e0 un centre de commandement)<\/li>\n<li>Les afficher (par exemple sur un \u00e9cran [micro-\u00e9cran, \u00e9cran d&rsquo;ordinateur, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Ou tout cela \u00e0 la fois !<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d626c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d626c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que le traitement d'images ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7f0580 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d7f0580\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Reconstituer les images au plus pr\u00e8s de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 (quelles que soient les conditions environnementales).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la partie bleue du tableau ci-contre, on trouve toute une s\u00e9rie d&rsquo;algorithmes permettant de recr\u00e9er des images \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es captur\u00e9es par le capteur d&rsquo;images.<\/p>\n<p>Pour ce faire, des op\u00e9rations tr\u00e8s complexes doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9es en temps r\u00e9el, afin de traiter :<\/p>\n<p>les informations brutes des capteurs<br \/>\nles corrections et am\u00e9liorations des performances de l&rsquo;optique et du syst\u00e8me (aberrations, distorsion, stabilisation, etc.)<br \/>\nles corrections de pr\u00e9traitement (exposition automatique, correction des pixels morts, etc.)<br \/>\nAm\u00e9liorations telles que HDR, am\u00e9lioration du contraste, correction des vibrations, etc.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42afe3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"42afe3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que l'analyse d'images ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed31846 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed31846\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Extraire des informations de la situation observ\u00e9e afin de d\u00e9cider et de lancer diff\u00e9rentes mesures.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la partie jaune du tableau ci-contre, on peut voir diff\u00e9rents algorithmes qui peuvent analyser les pixels d&rsquo;une image pour en extraire des informations.<\/p>\n<p>Il peut s&rsquo;agir d&rsquo;algorithmes<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>De d\u00e9tection<\/li>\n<li>De reconnaissance (lettre, forme, motif, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>De suivi<\/li>\n<li>De mesure de l&rsquo;environnement<\/li>\n<li>Reconstruction d&rsquo;une sc\u00e8ne en 3D, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06eb77c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06eb77c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comme vous pouvez le constater, un syst\u00e8me de vision n&rsquo;est pas un simple cam\u00e9scope qui sert uniquement \u00e0 filmer des vacances, mais un syst\u00e8me puissant compos\u00e9 non seulement d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me de capture d&rsquo;images dans diff\u00e9rentes bandes de fr\u00e9quences, mais aussi d&rsquo;une intelligence (analytique) dont les applications sont vastes et applicables dans de nombreux domaines. Il permet \u00e9galement d&rsquo;augmenter les capacit\u00e9s humaines en ayant la possibilit\u00e9 de voir ce que nous ne pouvons normalement pas voir, tout en traitant \u00e0 une fr\u00e9quence tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e, ce que nous ne pouvons pas non plus faire.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0738845 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0738845\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"IPCoreFPGA\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI1MDIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9uZXh2aXNpb24uZnJcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzAzXC9JUENvcmVGUEdBLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1150\" height=\"661\" src=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12502\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA.jpg 1150w, https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA-1024x589.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/IPCoreFPGA-768x441.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1150px) 100vw, 1150px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c509579 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c509579\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a63270 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a63270\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c45191c\" data-id=\"c45191c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa90f30 elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"fa90f30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/partie-1-vision-couleur-et-spectre-electromagnetique\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PR\u00c9C\u00c9DENT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1aaeef4\" data-id=\"1aaeef4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1950f elementor-align-end elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"9b1950f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/nexvision.fr\/fr\/base-de-connaissances-sur-les-systemes-de-vision\/comprendre-le-fonctionnement-et-le-potentiel-des-systemes-optroniques\/part-3-conception\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">SUIVANT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d7dc52\" data-id=\"2d7dc52\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Partie 2 : Construction, traitement et analyse d&rsquo;une image num\u00e9rique Comprendre le fonctionnement et le potentiel des syst\u00e8mes optroniques Introduction Part 1 : Vision, color and the electromagnetic spectrum Part 2 :\u00a0 Building, processing and analysis of a digital image Part 3 :\u00a0 Design Part 4 :\u00a0 Your project Capteur d&rsquo;images Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un capteur d&rsquo;images [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14297,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14314","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Partie 2 : Construction, traitement et analyse d&#039;une image num\u00e9rique<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Plongez dans la cr\u00e9ation et l&#039;analyse d&#039;images num\u00e9riques. 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